save, insert, update and retract operations on molecules each execute in their own transaction. By bundling transactions statements from several of those operations we can execute a single transaction that will guarantee atomicity. The bundled transaction will either complete as a whole or abort if there are any transactional errors.
Each of the above operations has an equivalent method for getting the transaction statements it produces:
<molecule>.getSaveTx<molecule>.getInsertTx<molecule>.getUpdateTx<entityId>.getRetractTxWe can use those methods to build a bundled transaction to atomically perform 4 operations in one transaction:
// Some initial data
val List(e1, e2, e3) = Ns.int insert List(1, 2, 3) eids
// Transact multiple molecule statements in one bundled transaction
transact(
// retract entity
e1.getRetractTx,
// save new entity
Ns.int(4).getSaveTx,
// insert multiple new entities
Ns.int.getInsertTx(List(5, 6)),
// update entity
Ns(e2).int(20).getUpdateTx
)
// Data after group transaction
Ns.int.get.sorted === List(
// 1 retracted
3, // unchanged
4, // saved
5, 6, // inserted
20 // 2 updated
)
Bundled transactions can also use Datomic’s asynchronous API by calling transactAsync:
Await.result(
transactAsync(
e1.getRetractTx,
Ns.int(4).getSaveTx,
Ns.int.getInsertTx(List(5, 6)),
Ns(e2).int(20).getUpdateTx
) map { bundleTx =>
Ns.int.getAsync map { queryResult =>
queryResult === List(3, 4, 5, 6, 20)
}
},
2.seconds
)
If you want to see the transactional output from a bundled transaction you can call debugTransaction on some bundled transaction data:
// Print debug info for group transaction without affecting live db
debugTransact(
// retract
e1.getRetractTx,
// save
Ns.int(4).getSaveTx,
// insert
Ns.int.getInsertTx(List(5, 6)),
// update
Ns(e2).int(20).getUpdateTx
)
// Prints transaction data to output:
/*
## 1 ## TxReport
========================================================================
1 ArrayBuffer(
1 List(
1 :db.fn/retractEntity 17592186045445)
2 List(
1 :db/add #db/id[:db.part/user -1000247] :Ns/int 4 Card(1))
3 List(
1 :db/add #db/id[:db.part/user -1000252] :Ns/int 5 Card(1))
4 List(
1 :db/add #db/id[:db.part/user -1000253] :Ns/int 6 Card(1))
5 List(
1 :db/add 17592186045446 :Ns/int 20 Card(1)))
------------------------------------------------
2 List(
1 1 added: true , t: 13194139534345, e: 13194139534345, a: 50, v: Wed Nov 14 23:38:15 CET 2018
2 2 added: false, -t: 13194139534345, -e: 17592186045445, -a: 64, -v: 1
3 3 added: true , t: 13194139534345, e: 17592186045450, a: 64, v: 4
4 4 added: true , t: 13194139534345, e: 17592186045451, a: 64, v: 5
5 5 added: true , t: 13194139534345, e: 17592186045452, a: 64, v: 6
6 6 added: true , t: 13194139534345, e: 17592186045446, a: 64, v: 20
7 added: false, -t: 13194139534345, -e: 17592186045446, -a: 64, -v: 2)
========================================================================
*/
Two groups of data are shown. The first group is an internal representation in Molecule showing the operations.
The second group shows the datoms produced in the transaction. For ease of reading, “-” (minus) is prepended
the prefixes (t, e, a, v) for the datoms that are retractions - where added is false. The abbreviations
represents the parts of the Datom:
added: operation, can be true for asserted or false for retractedt: transaction entity ide: entitya: attributev: valueUpdating 2 to 20 for instance creates two Datoms, one retracting the old value 2 and one asserting the new value 20.
(The numbers on the left are simply index numbers and not part of the transactional data)